Description
Product Characteristics:
Tumor suppressor. Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. The lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival. The unphosphorylated form cooperates with AIP1 to suppress AKT1 activation. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation. Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. May be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. The nuclear monoubiquitinated form possesses greater apoptotic potential, whereas the cytoplasmic nonubiquitinated form induces less tumor suppressive ability.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, Nucleus
Synonyms: PTEN(Phospho-Ser380/Thr382/Thr383), PTEN(phospho S380/T382/Thr383), PTEN(Phospho-Ser380/Thr382/Thr383), ITGA 2, MGC11227, MHAM, MMAC 1, MMAC1, Bannayan Zonana, BZS a, Multiple hamartoma (Cowden syndrome), Mutated in Mutiple Advanced Cancers 1, Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog, Phosphatidylinositol 345 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase and dual specificity protein phosphatase PTEN, Phosphatidylinositol 345 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase, Platelet antigen BR, PTEN 1, PTEN1, Tensin homolog, TEP 1, TEP1, VLA 2 Receptor Alpha Subunit.
Target Information: This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT\\/PKB signaling pathway. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]